Boycotts |
Sit-ins |
A Boycott, as shown above, is a refusal to buy goods or use services. The Montgomery Bus Boycott is shown by the picture above and was one of the largest boycotts during the civil rights movements which lasted 381 days and was led by Martin Luther King Jr. This eventually led to the desegregation of the bussing system.
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Sit ins were when people would walk into a segregated building and sit down to be served in some manner. This caused businesses to loose customers because no white people wanted to be in these buildings. An example of this was shown by the Woodsworth Diner in Greensboro, NC. More black people sat in each day and eventually turned the diner into a desegregated place.
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Civil DisobedienceThis video, Dr. King talks about his view on Civil Disobedience and it's effectiveness. Civil Disobedience was the nonviolent refusal to obey a law. An example of this can be seen in the freedom rides, which contained activists who rode busses through the south in the early 1960's to challenge segregation. This method soon pressured the federal government to enforce the Court's desegregation rulings. This proved to be the most effective type of protest because it was the main premise of the black protest. Dr. King spoke of it so much because he wanted to convince his fellow African Americans that this was the way to win in Civil Rights.
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MarchesMarches were a type of protest in which blacks marched on public property, mainly roads, to push for passage of the Voting Rights Act. The march from Selma to Montgomery was an example of a march in which the black community encounter violence from officers with This later proved to be an effective form of protest due to the fact that it pressured President Johnson to pass the Voting Rights Act.
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Violent Military Groups
This form of protest was a means to promote black power by any means necessary, especially by using violence. An example of this is the group the Black Panthers. Groups like these created violent protests in 100 cities in 1967 alone. The Black Panthers really did not have any success with their protesting. Instead they were called the biggest threat of the time by head of FBI J. Edgar Hoover.
Sources: Lectures from American Studies
History Learning Site
History Learning Site